(Digital Itla) Once believed to primarily affect elderly individuals with a history of smoking, a dramatic shift is taking place regarding head and neck cancers. Cases are rising alarmingly among younger adults, including individuals who have never smoked. The observance of this global day aims to raise public awareness about this life-threatening illness, highlighting why it is spreading rapidly among younger populations and how it can be prevented.
While traditional risk factors include tobacco and alcohol consumption, HPV (Human Papillomavirus) infections—a common sexually transmitted infection—also significantly increase risk. Head and neck cancers encompass cancers of the mouth, throat, tonsils, and tongue. Experts emphasize the need to distinguish between tobacco-related and HPV-related oral cancers, noting that early diagnosis greatly improves treatment efficacy.
The HPV vaccine offers protection against several types of head and neck cancers. Experts advise individuals who use tobacco or alcohol to undergo regular screenings. Administering the vaccine to children aged 9 to 14 provides strong long-term protection. Additionally, avoiding tobacco and alcohol, maintaining good oral hygiene, and practicing safe behaviors can reduce the risk of HPV transmission.
Key symptoms of head and neck cancer include:
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Red or white patches on the gums or inside the mouth
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Mouth or tongue sores that do not heal within two weeks
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Painless lumps or swellings in the neck or shoulder area
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Voice changes or a sore throat persisting for more than 14 days
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Difficulty chewing or swallowing food
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Unexplained weight loss
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